TOEFL®托福寫作介紹|時間字數、注意事項、準備重點與範例

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TOEFL®托福寫作介紹|時間字數、注意事項、準備重點與範例

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TOEFL® 托福寫作介紹

托福寫作部分由兩個任務組成:綜合寫作(Integrated Writing)和獨立寫作(Independent Writing)。這兩部分不僅測試你的寫作能力,還會考察你在有限時間內的邏輯組織、語言表達及應用能力。

以下是托福寫作的詳細介紹,包括時間、字數、注意事項、準備重點及範例。


1. 托福寫作結構與時間安排

1.1 綜合寫作 (Integrated Writing)

  • 時間:20分鐘

  • 字數範圍:150-225字

  • 題目:考生需要閱讀一篇約 300 字的文章,然後聽一段約 2 分鐘的講座。聽完講座後,考生需要根據閱讀和聽力材料的內容寫一篇文章,回答聽力內容如何支持或反駁閱讀文章的觀點。

1.2 獨立寫作 (Independent Writing)

  • 時間:30分鐘

  • 字數範圍:300字以上

  • 題目:考生會被要求對某個觀點或問題表達意見並提供支持理由。這是一篇需要展示個人觀點、分析能力及寫作技巧的文章。


2. 注意事項與寫作技巧

2.1 綜合寫作注意事項

  • 閱讀材料與聽力材料的結合:在這部分,重點不在於你是否能完全理解文章的每個細節,而是要能夠從閱讀材料和聽力材料中提取出關鍵信息,並將兩者進行比較。

  • 字數範圍:寫作的字數應該在150-225字之間,這是一個合適的範圍,可以確保內容充分且具體。寫作過長或過短可能會影響得分。

  • 簡潔而有條理的表達:文章結構清晰是關鍵。不要過多解釋細節,集中於如何有效地總結和對比閱讀和聽力材料中的主要觀點。

  • 轉述聽力材料:不要簡單複製聽力材料中的語句,而是要用自己的話來轉述信息,展示理解和表達能力。

2.2 獨立寫作注意事項

  • 清晰的觀點表達:開頭段需要清楚地表達你的立場。這部分的評分重點是你的立場是否清晰且有說服力。

  • 合理組織段落:每一段應該圍繞一個具體的觀點或理由展開。避免一段涵蓋多個話題,這樣會讓文章顯得不夠聚焦。

  • 具體例證支持觀點:在給出每個理由時,應該提供具體的例子或經驗來支撐。這會讓文章更具說服力,並且展示你的思維深度。

  • 避免語法和拼寫錯誤:語法正確且拼寫無誤是加分項。考試前,應該多進行語法訓練,確保語言表達自然流暢。


3. 準備重點與技巧

3.1 綜合寫作準備重點

  • 練習快速筆記:在聽力部分,快速記錄關鍵信息非常重要。記下每個段落的主要觀點和細節,這有助於後續撰寫文章時進行有效整合。

  • 總結對比練習:練習對比閱讀與聽力材料,將文章中提到的理論或觀點與講座中的反駁或補充做出連接。這樣的練習可以提高你快速抓住材料要點的能力。

  • 模擬考試:進行綜合寫作的模擬練習,熟悉在20分鐘內完成高效寫作的流程。

3.2 獨立寫作準備重點

  • 題目庫準備:獨立寫作部分的題目會涉及各種社會、文化、教育等領域。定期練習這些題目,並試圖整理出常見的寫作模板或結構,會對提高寫作速度和思路非常有幫助。

  • 加強邏輯性與連貫性:每段落的主題句應該清晰明確,並且合理組織段落。練習使用過渡語句(例如“for example,” “in contrast,” “in conclusion”)來連接各段落,使文章更加連貫。

  • 多樣化語法與詞彙:多使用各種語法結構,避免重複簡單句型。適當使用高級詞彙來提升文章質量,但要確保使用準確,避免錯誤。


4. 寫作範例

4.1 綜合寫作範例(150-225字)

閱讀材料:The reading passage argues that technological advancements have negatively affected people's social interactions, stating that increased screen time leads to less face-to-face communication.

聽力材料:The lecturer disagrees with this view, suggesting that technology has actually facilitated better communication, allowing people to stay connected over long distances.

範例回答
The reading passage claims that technology has negatively impacted social interactions by increasing screen time and reducing face-to-face communication. However, the lecturer counters this argument, stating that technology has actually improved communication by making it easier for people to stay connected, regardless of physical distance. For example, the lecturer explains that social media platforms allow individuals to interact with family and friends living abroad, fostering meaningful relationships. In contrast to the reading's view, the lecturer believes that technology has not diminished but enhanced social interactions.

4.2 獨立寫作範例(300字以上)

題目:Do you agree or disagree with the statement that students should take part-time jobs while studying? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

範例回答
I strongly believe that students should take part-time jobs while studying. First, part-time jobs provide valuable work experience that can enhance a student’s resume. For example, when I worked as a part-time assistant at a local bookstore, I developed important skills such as customer service and time management, which helped me secure a full-time job after graduation. Second, having a part-time job teaches financial responsibility. By managing their own income, students learn to budget and save money, which is crucial for their future financial independence. Finally, part-time work allows students to build a professional network, which may open doors for internships and full-time employment after graduation. For instance, many students who work in the service industry often make connections with employers who offer job opportunities upon graduation. In conclusion, part-time jobs not only help students financially but also provide valuable skills and networking opportunities that can be beneficial in their academic and professional futures.


總結

托福寫作測試的是你如何在短時間內進行有效的表達和組織思想。準備時需要掌握結構化寫作的技巧,並且保持語法準確性。通過反覆練習,模擬真實考試情境,你可以提升自己的寫作水平,從而在托福考試中取得高分。

希望這些介紹和技巧能幫助你順利備考,達到理想的托福寫作分數!

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